Solana Staking Report – September 2025
This report delivers timely market intelligence on the Solana ecosystem. In a rapidly evolving environment, staying ahead requires more than hindsight, it demands the latest insights into regulatory developments, validator activity, staking yields, and ecosystem performance. Built on the most recent 30-day cycle, this series provides fresher intelligence than traditional quarterly reports. Produced jointly by GlobalStake and the Kautz-Uible Cryptoeconomics Lab, the reports combine institutional-grade analysis with independent research rigor. The report delivers forward-looking perspectives that help institutions shape their digital asset strategies, capture emerging opportunities, and navigate an evolving market with confidence.
Solana Developments
- Institutional custody partnership: Crypto exchange Bybit teamed up with Anchorage Digital, a crypto bank, to provide custody for Bybit’s staked Solana token (bbSOL) [1].
- dYdX U.S. expansion: Decentralized exchange dYdX announced plans to introduce spot trading for Solana in the United States by year-end, marking a push into the U.S. market as regulators begin accommodating digital assets [2].
- Solana ETFs roll out: Bitwise launched the first U.S. Solana exchange-traded fund (BSOL) on Oct. 28 under newly streamlined SEC rules, offering direct SOL exposure with staking rewards [3]. Grayscale followed on Oct. 30 by converting its Grayscale Solana Trust (GSOL) into an NYSE-listed spot ETF – one of the first to include staking yield for investors [4].
- Solana yield snapshot: As of November 1, 2025, CeFi platforms are paying between 0.10% and 16.00% APY on SOL, with KuCoin at 0.10%–8.00%, Binance 1.80%–5.10%, Bybit 1.25%–8.41%, Bitget 2.79%–4.60%, Nexo 5.00%–8.00%, BingX 3.50%, BitMart 9.00%–15.00%, and Gate posting the highest ceiling at 4.67%–16.00%. DeFi staking via P2P.org offers 6.97% APY, which is competitive with mid-to-upper CeFi rates but still trails the very top promotional offers [5].
- Social media scams: Hackers hijacked Disney’s official Instagram (Oct 1) and FC Barcelona’s (Oct 7) to promote fake Solana-based coins, duping fans into losing thousands of dollars. These breaches underscore a rise in Solana-related scams, from meme-coin rug pulls to phishing attacks targeting wallet users [6].
- DeFi exploit and potential DPRK link: Solana’s DeFi ecosystem faced a blow when yield platform Garden Finance was hacked for $5.5 million, with investigators revealing that a quarter of the project’s historical volume involved stolen funds [7].
| Client Distribution | Share of Validators |
| Agave | 77.87% |
| Jito – Solana | 21.86% |
| Firedancer | 0.27% |
| Client Version Distribution | Share of Validators |
| 2.3.8 | 31.29% |
| 0.708.20306 | 14.13% |
| 2.3.6 | 8.8% |
| Other | 45.78% |
Source: Rated.network – 30‑day rolling average (through Oct 3, 2025)
| GEO Distribution of Nodes | Share of Validators |
| United States of America | 27.99% |
| Germany | 19.72% |
| Netherlands | 17.87% |
| United Kingdom | 5.47% |
| France | 3.18% |
| Russia | 2.58% |
| Singapore | 2.44% |
| Lithuania | 2.44% |
| Japan | 2.44% |
| Norway | 1.85% |
| Other | 14.03% |
Source: Rated.network – 30‑day rolling average (through Oct 3, 2025)
Academic Research Developments
Digital Assets in Mental Accounting: How Cryptocurrency and NFTs Influence Charitable Choices
by C. Schapsis, D. Micu, & N. Wingate
- Crypto holders mentally group NFTs and coins inside the same “crypto account”: Swapping ETH for an NFT is coded as asset-for-asset, not spending, so people are more willing to part with crypto when they get an NFT back.
- NFT rewards beat physical merch for crypto campaigns: When the reward is a tradable NFT that might hold or grow in value, contributors give more than when the reward is a shirt or similar physical good. This signals that NFT-based fundraising or loyalty drops can outperform swag-driven campaigns.
- Sale framing is more profitable than gift framing: Telling users to buy the NFT and have proceeds go to the charity triggers the investor mind-set and makes higher amounts flow than telling them to donate and get an NFT as a thank you. Platforms and exchanges should default to sale-style drops for charitable or cause-based campaigns.
- NFTs give institutions a high-margin fundraising instrument: Minting costs are low but perceived value is high, so exchanges, DAOs, and nonprofits can issue branded NFTs, capture crypto that users mentally keep in the same ledger, and still look generous and transparent on chain.
- On-chain charitable NFT or crypto campaigns open a new donor/investor segment that values transparency: Visible blockchain flows and low entry barriers make it easier for institutions to attract crypto-native contributors while keeping regulatory and reputational risks lower.
Trading volume manipulation and competition among centralized crypto exchanges
D. Amiram, E. Lyandres, & D. Rabetti
- Competition in crowded trading pairs pushes some exchanges to fake volume: When many platforms list the same coin pair, weaker exchanges inflate trades to look liquid and climb aggregator rankings, so headline volumes on CEXs should not be taken at face value.
- Inflated volume means real trading costs can be higher than they appear: Wash-like trades do not add to the order book, so actual depth is thinner and slippage risk is higher, especially for larger tickets and newly listed tokens.
- Volume inflation pays only in the short run, then it is punished: Exchanges that fake volume get a temporary boost in web traffic and market share, but once users and data sites adjust (for example, after CMC’s quality index) their popularity and business decline. Investors should expect future re-pricing of such venues.
- Compliance is a useful screening tool for institutions: Older, regulated, AML/KYC-heavy exchanges show far less volume manipulation, so institutional capital should prioritize those venues and discount figures from lightly regulated offshore platforms.
SOLANA REPORT REFERENCES
[1] H. Lang and H. Lang, “White House in crypto policy report calls for SEC action, new legislation,” Reuters, July 30, 2025. Accessed: Aug. 02, 2025. [Online]. Available: https://www.reuters.com/legal/government/white-house-crypto-policy-report-calls-sec-action-new-legislation-2025-07-30/
[2] “Solana price today, SOL to USD live price, marketcap and chart,” CoinMarketCap. Accessed: Oct. 02, 2025. [Online]. Available: https://coinmarketcap.com/currencies/solana/
[3] S. McGee, “SEC paves way for crypto spot ETFs with new listing rules,” Reuters, Sept. 18, 2025. Accessed: Oct. 02, 2025. [Online]. Available: https://www.reuters.com/sustainability/boards-policy-regulation/sec-paves-way-crypto-spot-etfs-with-new-listing-rules-2025-09-18/
[4] V. D. 2 min read, “Solana Developers Consider Removing Block Limits Post-Alpenglow Upgrade,” Yahoo Finance. Accessed: Oct. 02, 2025. [Online]. Available: https://decrypt.co/341787/solana-developers-consider-removing-block-limits-alpenglow
[5] A. J. Vicens, R. Satter, A. J. Vicens, and R. Satter, “Exclusive: How North Korean hackers are using fake job offers to steal cryptocurrency,” Reuters, Sept. 04, 2025. Accessed: Oct. 02, 2025. [Online]. Available: https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/how-north-korean-hackers-are-using-fake-job-offers-steal-cryptocurrency-2025-09-04/
[6] J. D. Evans and T. Jones, “The Ethical Implications of Cryptocurrency ATMs: A Call for Stronger Regulation and Legislative Action,” J. Bus. Ethics, Sept. 2025, doi: 10.1007/s10551-025-06126-2.
[7] M. Ferranti, “Hedging sanctions risk: Cryptocurrency in central bank reserves,” J. Int. Money Finance, vol. 159, p. 103433, Dec. 2025, doi: 10.1016/j.jimonfin.2025.103433.